Forget digital RGB, this little-known historic photography technique created golden images

Arches of a building.
(Image credit: Artist unknown (courtesy of Robert Mann Gallery))

Photographers have been finding creative ways to stylize images with color since long before digital RGB.

Back in the late 19th to early 20th century, one of these techniques was orotone, which involved printing an image on glass backed with gold-colored paint to create a shiny and luxurious golden appearance.

Perfected by ethnologist and photographer Edward S. Curtis around 1918, orotone – also known as Curt-Tones – were high-end prints that appealed to followers of the Arts and Crafts movement.

Article continues below

Now, Robert Mann Gallery in New York is displaying a collection of almost 100 of these exuberant creations in an exhibition called Gold Standards: The Art of the Orotone.

Norwegian Fiord, ca. 1900–1925 (Image credit: Artist unknown (courtesy of Robert Mann Gallery))

The orotone images on display cover all sorts of subjects, from beautiful landscapes to interesting architecture.

While the identities of many of the authors have been lost to time, some of the works were created by photographer and scientific inventor Arthur Clarence Pillsbury.

In 1906, Pillsbury set up shop in the newly established Yosemite National Park, where he photographed sites such as Vernal Falls and El Capitan, glorifying them with a golden glow. Ansel Adams would later immortalize these same sites, albeit in black-and-white images.

Gates of Yosemite, ca. 1900-1910 (Image credit: A.C. Pillsbury (courtesy of Robert Mann Gallery))

It’s fascinating to see how photographers were able to achieve such creative and lavish-looking images back when post-processing technologies were in their infancy.

Of course, these days, the orotone aesthetic can be easily achieved using tools such as Lightroom, although it’s the shiny effect that plays a large part in the viewing experience.

Gold Standards: The Art of the Orotone can be viewed in person and online until May 16. Public visiting hours at Robert Mann Gallery are Tuesday–Friday, 10 a.m.–6 p.m., and Saturday from 11 a.m.–6 p.m. For additional hours, please make an appointment with the gallery.

Untitled (Man Dressed in Native American Regalia), ca. 1898 (Image credit: A.C. Pillsbury (courtesy of Robert Mann Gallery))

You might also like

Everything about this photographer’s process is unique: from gold and silver works of art to immersive exhibitions and books.

Alan Palazon
Staff Writer

I’m a writer, journalist and photographer who joined Digital Camera World in 2026. I started out in editorial in 2021 and my words have spanned sustainability, careers advice, travel and tourism, and photography – the latter two being my passions.

I first picked up a camera in my early twenties having had an interest in photography from a young age. Since then, I’ve worked on a freelance basis, mostly internationally in the travel and tourism sector. You’ll usually find me out on a hike shooting landscapes and adventure shots in my free time.

You must confirm your public display name before commenting

Please logout and then login again, you will then be prompted to enter your display name.